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BELGIUM AND THE ARMS TRADE

Belgium may be a small country but it occupies an important place in the global arms trade. According to SIPRI, from 1998 to 2007, Belgium was twentieth in the list of top arms exporters. A handful of Belgian companies, like FN Herstal in Wallonia and Barco in Flanders, are currently world leaders in the market for certain types of arms and related technologies.

In parallel, however, Belgium has on several occasions in the past been a decisive pioneer in improving arms control and monitoring mechanisms. Belgium was the first country to recognise the binding nature of the EU code of conduct on arms exports by incorporating it into domestic legislation in 2003. Belgium also played a leading role in the adoption of the 1995 Ottawa treaty banning landmines, and more recently in the adoption of the 2008 Oslo treaty banning cluster bombs.

GRIP continually monitors Belgium’s policy on the manufacture, trade and ownership of arms, with particular involvement and paying particular attention to changes in Belgian legislation in these fields.
UN Photo / Paulo Filgueiras
Belgium's Foreign Minister addresses Small Arms Review Conference
Belgium's Foreign Minister Karel De Gucht addresses the Small Arms Review Conference. The Conference discusses the elimination of illegal small arms in order to save more lives, and will run from 26 June until 7 July 2006 at UN Headquarters in New York.
Wikimedia Commons
Pistolet mitrailleur semi-automatique FN P90 produit par FN HERSTAL, aux mains d'un Garde national chypriote. Photo prise durant un défilé à Larnaca.

 

Weapons sales in 1993 - 2008

Reports from the Belgian federal government and the governments of the regions to their parliaments on application of the 5 August 1991 Law, amended by the 25 and 26 March 2003 Laws, on the import, export, transit and fight against the trafficking of weapons, munitions, material designed solely for military use or for maintaining order, and related technology.

Federal (SPF Economy) Region
of Wallonia
Region
of Flanders
Region
of Brussels-Capital
Until 2002, reports from the federal government covered total sales for Belgium. Since powers were devolved to the regions in 2003, SPF-Economy reports only cover sales for which the federal government retained responsibility (mainly related to the army). Annual reports also available on the Wallonia government’s website Month reports and all the reports listed below are available on the Flemish government’s website Reports are not available on the website of the government of Brussels-Capital
2nd half-year 2009
1er semestre 2009
  Annual 2009
1st half-year 2009
 
2nd half-year 2008
1st half-year 2008
Annual 2008 Annual 2008
1st half-year 2008
Annual 2008
2nd half-year 2008
1st half-year 2008
1st half-year 2008 1st half-year 2008 1st half-year 2008
Annual report 2007 Annual report 2007 Annual report 2007
2nd half-year 2007
1st half-year 2007
Annual report 2007
2nd half-year 2007
1st half-year 2007
2nd half-year 2006
1st half-year 2006
Annual report 2006 Annual report 2006
1st half-year 2006
Annual report 2006
Report from the 1st September 2003 to the 31 December 2005 Annual report 2005 Annual report 2005
1st half-year 2005
Annual report 2005
Annual report 2004 Report from the 1st September 2004 to the 31 December 2004
Report from the 30 August 2003 to 31 August 2004
Report from the 1st September 2003 to the 31 December 2004
Repport from the 1st September to the 31 December 2003 Report from the 30th August 2003 to the 29 February 2004
Annual report 2002
Annual report 2001
Annual report 2000
Annual report 1999
Annual report 1998
Annual report 1997
Annual report 1996
Annual report 1994
Annual report 1993
“Operation Parabellum”: Investigation into arms trafficking at the highest levels of the Libyan State (Luc Mampaey and Federico Santopinto)

In March 2006, an investigation into international drug trafficking allowed antimafia prosecutor from Perugia, Italy, to dismantle a vast arms dealing proceeding from China to Libya which involved several Italian intermediaries and high ranking Libyan government officials. The Italian authorities named the investigation “Operation Parabellum”. The transaction which was interrupted by the Italian investigation covered the acquisition of 500,000 SMG T-56 7.62mm assault rifles (a Chinese version of the AK-47 Kalashnikov) and 10 million pieces of ammunition. Telephone tapping however revealed that the negotiations initially covered the acquisition of a million Russian AK-47s. Some of the Italian intermediaries admitted the facts and negotiated their sentences, others will be remanded to court during the month of December 2009. The Libyan actors of the transaction, identified as high officials, or as Muammar Ghaddafi’s friends or relatives, indicate that this is not just a banal corruption affair but raises deep concerns about the meaning of the Libyan State’s policy on the African continent.

Other analyses:
La gestion administrative des armes en Belgique. Les documents concernant l'exportation, l'importation, le transit et la détention (Pierre Martinot)

En 2003, l’État fédéral transférait aux entités fédérées les compétences en matière d’importation, d’exportation et de transit d’armements et de biens à double usage. Plus tard, en juin 2006, fruit d’une longue réflexion des ministres compétents depuis 2001 et de la Commission de la Justice de la Chambre, une nouvelle loi sur les armes était adoptée.

Deux dates, deux événements qui ont suscité nombre de réactions politiques, prolongées inévitablement par des débats publics passionnés.

Au-delà des sensibilités, la régionalisation des compétences et la nouvelle loi sur les armes ont modifié la gestion administrative des dossiers « armes » en Belgique. Modification partielle ? Refonte globale du système ?

Ce rapport dresse un état des lieux, fin 2007, des principaux changements administratifs engendrés par ces nouvelles législations et leur incidence sur le public concerné. Il évoque bien sûr la création de nouvelles administrations au sein des instances régionales, l’évolution des compétences provinciales et leurs politiques administratives respectives.

Il dresse enfin l’inventaire des documents administratifs utilisés aujourd’hui par les différentes autorités compétentes, au niveau fédéral, régional et provincial.

Other GRIP reports:
 
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Update: 28/07/2010


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